Means for making fillers for rugs



Feb. 10, 1942. R. PAULUS 2,272,247

MEANS FOR MAKING FILLERS FOR RUGS Filed July 25, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 10, 1942. R. PAULUS 2,272,247

MEANS FOR MAKING FILLERS FOR BUGS Filed July 25, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented: i 1942. v

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Application m :5, 1940, sci-u No. 341,443

1 Claim. (Cl. 19-105) chiefly to the manufactures! loosely held filler The present invention relates to a'means and method of making filler for rugs and th'eliie, in'

particular for tubular rugs in which a-tube or shell is braided around the filler after which the tubes are coiled helically or in some other fashion and permanently joined by stitching the sides of the walls together.

The customary method is to use a number filler strands together and to braid these into a single filler after which the filler'is fed into the braiding machine where a cover is braided around it. In some cases the filler strands or rovings as they are called, are not braided but laid fiat together. It must be remembered that for the most part the roving strands or filler is made up of short length fibres such as old wool or scraps and that inherently the strands so made have no strength and therefore cannot be worked to any great extent. I

In the present invention the roving strands, may or may not be braided before the cover is braided over the filler in the braiding machine. The condenser however commonly used in condensing the roving strands is entirely eliminated and instead the fibres themselves are given a greater twist than is customary and thereby a stronger yarn or strand is made.

In the present invention this is accomplished by splitting the main card in two and drawing ofi the roving or strand from both ends of the machine in a side draw. The speed of drawing ofi for any one machine is thereby cut in halves and the strands or fibres are less pulled out a greathandled in the usual way in the process of making the rugs.

In the present invention the usual carding machine may be used, either in single sections or in repeated sections with more than one breast roller. In this machine the rollers are usually more than seventy-two inches long and they are fed from a feeder and breaker over a feed lattice to a system of rollers which have become quite standard in the industry of carding and forming of yarns.

The rollers in the system or unit all have a definitely established purpose and in the present invention therefore these are shown more or less diagrammatically.

forthebraidedcasingsusedinmakingtubular rugs and'will be described more particularly in connection with the drawings, in which:

Iliflgure 1 shows diagrammatically in elevation the system partly in section.

Figure 2 shows a plan view of the system as viewed from the top of Figure l with a fragment in section, and,

Hgure3showsadetail. v

In the system shown in-Figure 1 the scrap wool is put in thefeeder I which breaks up the-wool into shreds in the usual fashion and deposits it from the hopper 2 on to the guides 3 and 4 to the feed lattice 5 which carries the wool in broken form to the feed rollers 6, I and '8. These feed rollers pass the wool to the licker in roll 9 which is covered with Garnet wire in the usual strippers ll, l3, etc., until the last of the small dicated in Figure 1.- In this case the wool is group of rolls is reached M, which is called the fancy, the purpose of which is to prepare the wool on the breast roll by bringing it to the surface so that it can be removed by the doifer roll it. Whereone unit is used, the wool may be removed from the. doiler, but it iscustomary in many cases to card the wool through a second set of rollers similar to the first set as inpassed on through the second breast or swift roll I, until finally the wool reaches the second doiier l'l after it has been combed by the comb It. The wool may be drawn of! by a side draw as is done in the present case by means of the tapered roller IS, the function of which will be more fully described below. In the present system as indicated more clearly in Figure 2, the hopper 2 is formed with a partition 20 in which no wool is allowed to fall. Therefore as the wool is fed down on the guides I and l to the lattice I, the center portion ii is free from the woolen fibres. The rollers 6, I and 8 transfer the fibres to the licker in" I which is wound with Garnet wire except in the center portion 22 which is smooth and has no wire on it and is therefore away and clear of the feed rollers at this point. The breast 'roll 'II and the workers and strippers l2 and I3 are constructed in the usual fashion and in fact the The present invention in this respect relates ration however of the wool by means of the partition in the feeder box 2 and the free space I! on the "licker in I keeps the wool transferring in two separate and distinct sections over the whole breast roll system so that when the wool fibers come to the end 0! the system, the center section of the dofier I1 is free and clear oi any wool.

In the present invention the end roll II is tapered from the center point I! outward to the ends 24, 24, where the filler is drawn 0! through the rotating tapered tubes 2! and the draw oil rollers 26 and 21 between which the filler is pulled.

An enlargement of the end rollers is shown in Figure 3, where the end 24 or the tapered roll and the dofler roll l1 pass the filler to the trumpet tube 25 which is rotated by means oi a pulley 2. usually driven in conjunction with the drive for the other rollers in the system. One 7 of the draw rolls 26 is larger than the other roll 21.

The purpose of the whole carding system is to line up the wool fibers along the peripheral direction of rotation of the rolls so that all the fibers are lined up in the same way. When the fibers come to the last doiIer roll I I they tend to curl up in the space between the tapered roll II and the dofier roll I i. The drawing of the filler at the side tends to pull these fibers out longitudinally, parallel with the axis or the roll so that the fibers in general are given a spiral twist as the filler is drawn oil through the draw rolls 2 and 21. If these fibers are drawn 08 very rapidly, as they must, if the feed is rapid, the longitudinal motion, will be fast enough to line the fibers longitudinally in the direction of the draw. Because the fibers are usually very short, this means that the strands or roving! have little strength. By twisting the fibers however, criss cross in the filler, as is done by slow drawing, the filler becomes stronger and can more readily be handled.

In the present invention this is accomplished bydrawinghalioithefillerofieach endoithe roll so that the linear speed oi drawing oi! ior each fillercanbecutinhalf. Thisnotonlypermits the short fibers to be given a good cross twist, but also decreases the strain on the strand because the drawing oi! speed is reduced in half.

In place of partitioning the "llcker in" l, the feedrolls 8, Iandlmaybepartitioned,andin fact if desired both the licker in" I and the feed rolls may be partitioned in the manner described above. However the combination indicated has proved to be very satisfactory in attaching the usual apparatus for the present invention.

Having now described my invention, I claim:

In a carding machine for carding short wool fibers for filler str'ands, means partitioning the carding machine into two halves whereby the fibers on one half of the roll remain separated from the fibers on the other half of the roll, a final dofler roll, a tapered roll associated with said dofler roll tapered from a small center sec- 

